Chidziwitso choyambirira cha zikuku

Zipangizo zothandizira, monga gawo lofunikira pa moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa abwenzi olumala, zimabweretsa kumasuka komanso kuthandizira kumoyo.

Zoyambira pa njinga za olumala

Lingaliro la chikuku

Chikupu ndi mpando wokhala ndi magudumu omwe amatha kuthandiza ndikulowa m'malo oyenda. Ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yoyendera kwa ovulala, odwala, ndi olumala kuti achire kunyumba, kunyamulidwa, kukaonana ndi dokotala, ndi kupita kunja kukachita.

Udindo wa chikuku

Ma wheelchair samangokwaniritsa zofunikira za mayendedwe a anthu olumala komanso omwe ali ndi vuto loyenda pang'onopang'ono, koma chofunika kwambiri, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kuti achibale azisuntha ndi kusamalira odwala, kulola odwala kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi komanso kutenga nawo mbali pazochitika zamagulu mothandizidwa ndi olumala.

Kukula kwa chikuku

Chikuku chimapangidwa ndi mawilo akuluakulu, mawilo ang'onoang'ono, mawilo amanja, matayala, mabuleki, mipando ndi zina zazikulu ndi zazing'ono. Chifukwa chakuti anthu oyenda panjinga amafunikira ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kukula kwakenso n’kosiyana. Malinga ndi maonekedwe a matupi a akulu ndi ana, iwo amagawidwanso m’zipando za ana olumala ndi zikuku za akulu. Koma kwenikweni, m'lifupi chonse cha chikuku ochiritsira ndi 65cm, kutalika kwake ndi 104cm, ndi kutalika kwa mpando ndi 51cm.

Kusankha chikuku ndi chinthu chovuta kwambiri, koma kuti mukhale omasuka komanso otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito, ndikofunikira kusankha chikuku choyenera. Pogula chikuku, tcherani khutu kuyeza kwa mpando m'lifupi. M'lifupi bwino kwambiri ndi mtunda pakati pa matako awiri kapena ntchafu pamene wosuta atakhala pansi kuphatikiza 5cm, ndiko kuti, pali kusiyana 2.5cm mbali iliyonse atakhala pansi.

Kapangidwe ka chikuku

Panjinga ya olumala wamba imakhala ndi magawo anayi: chimango cha chikuku, mawilo, cholumikizira ndi mpando. Ntchito za zigawo zikuluzikulu za chikuku zafotokozedwa mwachidule pansipa.

1.Mawilo am'mbuyo: amanyamula zolemera zambiri. Kutalika kwa gudumu ndi 51,56,61,66cm. Kupatula malo ochepa omwe amafunikira matayala olimba, matayala a pneumatic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

2.Mawilo ang'onoang'ono: The diameters ndi 12,15,18 ndi 20cm. Mawilo akulu akulu ndi osavuta kuwoloka zopinga zazing'ono komanso makapeti apadera. Komabe, ngati m'mimba mwake ndi yayikulu kwambiri, malo okhala ndi chikuku chonse amawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuyenda kukhala kovuta. Kawirikawiri, magudumu ang'onoang'ono amakhala kutsogolo kwa magudumu akuluakulu, koma panjinga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi anthu omwe ali ndi ziwalo zapansi, mawilo ang'onoang'ono nthawi zambiri amakhala kumbuyo kwa magudumu akuluakulu. Panthawi yogwira ntchito, dziwani kuti gudumu laling'ono liyenera kukhala lolunjika ku gudumu lalikulu, mwinamwake ndilosavuta kuwongolera.

3.Mkombero wama gudumu m'manja: wosiyana ndi mipando ya olumala, m'mimba mwake ndi yochepera 5cm kuposa gudumu lalikulu lalikulu. Pamene hemiplegis imayendetsedwa ndi dzanja limodzi, ina yokhala ndi m'mimba mwake yaying'ono imawonjezeredwa kuti isankhidwe. Mphete ya gudumu pamanja nthawi zambiri imakankhidwa mwachindunji ndi wodwalayo.

4.Matayala: Pali mitundu itatu: chubu cholimba, pneumatic ndi tubeless pneumatic. Mtundu wolimba umayenda mofulumira pamtunda wathyathyathya ndipo sumakonda kuphulika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zosavuta kukankhira, koma zimagwedezeka kwambiri m'misewu yosagwirizana ndipo zimakhala zovuta kuti zituluke zikakhala pamtunda waukulu ngati tayala; Amene ali ndi machubu amkati odzazidwa ndi mpweya amakhala ovuta kuwakankhira komanso osavuta kubowola, koma kugwedezeka kwake kumakhala kochepa kuposa kolimba; Mitundu ya Tubeless inflatable ndi yabwino kukhalapo chifukwa ilibe chubu chamkati ndipo sichimabowoleredwa, komanso imakwiyiridwa mkati, koma imakhala yovuta kukankha kuposa yolimba.

5.Brake: Mawilo akulu ayenera kukhala ndi mabuleki pa gudumu lililonse. Inde, ngati wokwerayo angagwiritse ntchito dzanja limodzi lokha, ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito brake ya dzanja limodzi, koma ndodo yowonjezera ikhoza kuikidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito mabuleki kumbali zonse ziwiri.

Pali mitundu iwiri ya mabuleki

Mabuleki opanda pake

Brake iyi ndi yotetezeka komanso yodalirika, koma pamafunika khama. Pambuyo pokonza, galimotoyo imathanso kuswa potsetsereka. Ngati isinthidwa kukhala mulingo 1 ndipo sungathe kuswa malo athyathyathya, imawonedwa ngati yosavomerezeka.

Sinthani mabuleki

Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya lever, mabuleki amagwiritsidwa ntchito kudzera m'magulu angapo. Ubwino wake wamakina ndikuti mphako yamtundu wa brake ndi yamphamvu, koma imalephera mwachangu. Pofuna kuonjezera mphamvu ya braking ya wodwalayo, ndodo yowonjezera nthawi zambiri imawonjezeredwa ku brake, koma ndodoyi imawonongeka mosavuta ndipo idzakhudza chitetezo ngati sichifufuzidwa nthawi zonse.

6.Seat: Kutalika kwake, kuya ndi m'lifupi mwake kumadalira mawonekedwe a thupi la wodwalayo, ndipo mawonekedwe ake akuthupi amadaliranso mtundu wa matenda. Nthawi zambiri, kuya ndi 41,43cm, m'lifupi ndi 40,46cm, ndi kutalika ndi 45,50cm.

7.Seat khushoni: Pofuna kupewa zilonda zopanikizika, mipando yapampando ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri, ndipo chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kuperekedwa pakusankha ma cushion.

8.Kupuma kwa phazi ndi mwendo: Mpumulo wa mwendo ukhoza kukhala mtundu wodutsa kapena mtundu wogawanika. Mitundu yonse iwiri yothandizira idapangidwa kuti igwedezeke mbali imodzi. Muyenera kulabadira kutalika kwa footrest. Ngati phazi liri lalitali kwambiri, mbali ya chiuno cha chiuno idzakhala yaikulu kwambiri, ndipo kulemera kwake kudzawonjezedwa ku ischial tuberosity, zomwe zingayambitse zilonda zopanikizika m'derali mosavuta.

9.Backrest: Ma backrest amatha kukhala apamwamba kapena otsika ndipo amatha kupendekera kapena osasunthika. Ngati wodwalayo ali ndi mphamvu komanso kuyendetsa bwino thunthu, njinga ya olumala yotsika kumbuyo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti wodwalayo azitha kuyenda kwambiri. Kupanda kutero, chikuku chakumbuyo chiyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

10.Armrests: Nthawi zambiri, ndi 22.5-25cm kuposa pamwamba pa mpando. Zopumira zina zimatha kusinthidwa kutalika. Mukhozanso kuika chakudya pa armrest kuti muwerenge ndi kudya.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi mawonekedwe a njinga za olumala

Pali mitundu yambiri ya njinga za olumala pamsika. Malingana ndi zipangizozi, zikhoza kugawidwa muzitsulo zotayidwa, zopepuka komanso zitsulo. Ngati malingana ndi mtunduwo, akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu akumagudumu wamba ndi mipando yapadera. mipando Special akhoza kugawidwa mu: zosangalatsa masewera chikuku zino, chikuku pakompyuta mndandanda, mpando-mbali chikuku dongosolo, kuyimirira thandizo chikuku mndandanda, etc.

Wamba wama wheelchair: makamaka wopangidwa ndi wheelchair chimango, mawilo, mabuleki ndi zipangizo zina.

Kuchuluka kwa ntchito: anthu omwe ali ndi zilema zam'munsi, hemiplegia, paraplegia pansi pa chifuwa ndi anthu okalamba omwe ali ndi zochepa zoyenda.

Mawonekedwe: Odwala amatha kugwiritsa ntchito malo opumira kapena osasunthika, okhazikika kapena osasunthika okha, ndipo chipangizocho chimatha kupindika ndikusungidwa chikaperekedwa panja kapena osagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Malingana ndi chitsanzo ndi mtengo, zikhoza kugawidwa mu: mpando wovuta, mpando wofewa, tayala la pneumatic kapena tayala lolimba.

Wapa njinga ya olumala: Ili ndi magwiridwe antchito athunthu. Sikuti ndi njira yoyendetsera anthu olumala komanso anthu omwe sayenda pang'ono, komanso ali ndi ntchito zina.

Kusankha chikuku

Pali mitundu yambiri ya njinga za olumala. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi zikuku, zikuku zapadera, njinga zamagetsi zamagetsi, mipando yazamasewera, ndi ma scooters oyenda.

General wheelchair: Chikupu cha anthu olumala chimakhala chofanana ndi mpando, wokhala ndi mawilo anayi. Gudumu lakumbuyo ndi lalikulu, ndi gudumu lamanja, mabuleki amawonjezeredwa ku gudumu lakumbuyo, ndipo gudumu lakutsogolo ndi laling'ono, lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera. Kumbuyo kwa chikuku kumawonjezeredwa ndi anti-tipper gudumu.

Nthawi zambiri, chikuku chimakhala chopepuka ndipo chimatha kupindika.

Ndiwoyenera kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto lachiwopsezo kapena mavuto oyenda kwakanthawi kochepa, ndipo siwoyenera kukhala kwanthawi yayitali.

Wapa njinga ya olumala: Kutengera momwe wodwalayo alili, pali zida zambiri za differnet, monga kukhathamiritsa katundu, khushoni yapadera yapampando kapena kumbuyo, makina othandizira khosi, miyendo yosinthika, matebulo ochotsamo, etc.

Chikuku chamagetsi: Chikuku chokhala ndi mota yamagetsi.

Kutengera ndi njira yowongolera, ena amagwiritsa ntchito chokokera, pomwe ena amagwiritsa ntchito masiwichi osiyanasiyana monga mutu kapena kupuma.

Kwa iwo omwe ali ndi ziwalo zowopsya kapena omwe akufunikira kusuntha mtunda wautali, kugwiritsa ntchito chikuku chamagetsi ndi chisankho chabwino malinga ngati luso lawo lachidziwitso lili bwino, koma pamafunika malo ochulukirapo oyendayenda.

Cholinga chapadera (masewera) chikuku: Chikupu chopangidwa mwapadera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamasewera osangalatsa kapena mipikisano.

Zodziwika bwino ndi kuthamanga kapena basketball, ndipo kuvina kumakhalanso kosangalatsa.

Nthawi zambiri, kupepuka ndi kulimba ndi mawonekedwe, ndipo zida zambiri zapamwamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Galimoto yoyenda: Gulu lalikulu la njinga za olumala, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi okalamba ambiri. Nthawi zambiri amagawidwa m'magalimoto a mawilo atatu ndi anayi, oyendetsedwa ndi mota yamagetsi, yokhala ndi liwiro la 15km / h, ndikuyika molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa katundu.

Kukonza chikuku

• Musanagwiritse ntchito njinga ya olumala komanso mkati mwa mwezi umodzi, fufuzani ngati mabawuti ali omasuka. Ngati ali omasuka, amangitseni panthawi yake. Pakugwiritsa ntchito bwino, kuyezetsa kumayenera kuchitidwa miyezi itatu iliyonse kuti zitsimikizire kuti ziwalo zonse zili bwino. Yang'anani mtedza wolimba wosiyanasiyana panjinga (makamaka mtedza wokhazikika wa ekisi yakumbuyo). Ngati kutayikira kulikonse kukupezeka, sinthani ndikumangitsa munthawi yake.
• Ngati chikuku chikuvumbidwa ndi mvula pakugwiritsa ntchito, chiyenera kupukuta pakapita nthawi. Akupukutidwanso pa njinga ya olumala pafupipafupi ndi nsalu yofewa yowuma ndi yokutidwa ndi sera yoletsa dzimbiri kuti chikukucho chikhale chowala komanso chokongola kwa nthawi yayitali.
• Yang'anani kusuntha ndi kusinthasintha kwa makina ozungulira pafupipafupi ndikuyika mafuta. Ngati gudumu la 24-inch likufunika kuchotsedwa pazifukwa zina, onetsetsani kuti mtedzawo wakhazikika ndipo sudzamasuka poyikhazikitsanso.
• Mabawuti olumikizira pampando waku wheelchair amakhala omasuka ndipo sayenera kumangika.