Pakukula kosalekeza kwaukadaulo wopanga okosijeni, okosijeni wamankhwala wasintha kuchokera ku okosijeni woyambilira wa mafakitale kupita ku okosijeni wamadzimadzi kenako kupita ku mphamvu yapano ya adsorption (PSA) yopanga mpweya. Njira yoperekera okosijeni yapangidwanso kuchokera ku mpweya wolunjika kuchokera ku botolo limodzi kupita ku njira yapakati yoperekera mpweya. Pakadali pano, makina operekera mpweya wapakati, makina oyamwa apakati, ndi makina apakatikati ampweya akhala njira zitatu zofunika kwambiri zoperekera mpweya wamankhwala m'zipatala zamakono.
Oxygen ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pazochitika za kagayidwe kachakudya cha anthu komanso chofunikira choyamba pakuyenda kwa moyo wamunthu. Kuphatikizika kwa okosijeni kumatha kupititsa patsogolo chilengedwe chamkati mwa thupi la munthu ndikulimbikitsa kusayenda bwino kwa kagayidwe kachakudya, potero kukwaniritsa cholinga chochiza matenda, kuchepetsa zizindikiro, kulimbikitsa kuchira, kupewa zotupa, komanso kukonza thanzi.
Choncho, mpweya umagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pachipatala, makamaka pa chithandizo choyamba cha odwala omwe akudwala kwambiri komanso omwe akuvulala mwangozi, ndipo mpweya wa okosijeni wakhala chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kuzipatala.
Mbiri yachitukuko cha kachitidwe ka oxygen m'chipatala
Botolo limodzi molunjika mpweya
Kupereka okosijeni mwachindunji kuchokera mu botolo limodzi ndiyo njira yachikhalidwe yoperekera mpweya m'zipatala, ndipo njirayi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mpweya wa mafakitale. Popeza mpweya wa mafakitale nthawi zambiri umakhala ndi mpweya woipa ndipo khoma lamkati la silinda limachita dzimbiri, mpweyawo umakhala ndi fungo losasangalatsa. Akagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchipatala, amapangitsa odwala kutsokomola ndikukulitsa zizindikiro za kupuma.
Chifukwa chake, pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti anthu ali ndi thanzi labwino, dziko la China lasinthanso miyezo ya okosijeni wamankhwala.
Kupereka mpweya wapakati
Kupereka oxygen, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti central oxygen supply, ndi njira yamakono yoperekera mpweya yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito padziko lonse lapansi. China idapanga njira yoyamba yoperekera okosijeni mu 1983, idalimbikitsidwa kwambiri ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mizinda yayikulu komanso yapakati. Pakadali pano, zipatala zonse zamlingo wakutiwakuti zatengera njira zapakati zoperekera mpweya. Kuphatikiza apo, njira yoperekera mpweya wamankhwala yomwe imapangidwa ndi makina apakati operekera mpweya, dongosolo lapakati loyamwa ndi mpweya wothinikizidwa wakhala projekiti yomanga ndi kukonzanso nyumba zama ward mu zipatala komanso ntchito yofunikira kuti zipatala zisinthe.
Ukadaulo wapakatikati woperekera mpweya wa okosijeni ukhoza kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwachipatala m'zipatala, kuthandiza odwala kulandira kupulumutsidwa kapena chithandizo munthawi yake, ndikupulumutsa miyoyo yambiri. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, popeza zipangizo zamakono zopangira mpweya wapakati zimakhala zochepa kwambiri, zimagwirizana ndi kayendetsedwe kamakono ka zipatala.
Makamaka, mbali zotsatirazi zikuwonetsedwa:
- Mapaipi operekera mpweya wapakati amakhala ndi kutsika kochepa ndipo amakhala ndi zida zingapo zotetezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotetezeka komanso zodalirika.
- Mpweya wa okosijeni wapakati safuna kuti masilindala a okosijeni anyamulidwe kupita ku ward, kupangitsa kusungirako ndi mayendedwe kukhala kosavuta
- Dongosolo lapakati loperekera okosijeni lili ndi mphamvu yoperekera mpweya wamphamvu, mphamvu yayikulu, kupanikizika kosasunthika, ndipo imatha kupereka mpweya wambiri mosalekeza.
- Malo opumira mpweya wa okosijeni operekera mpweya wapakati amayikidwa mwachindunji muchipinda chopangira opaleshoni, chipinda chodzidzimutsa ndi ma ward a ward iliyonse, kupangitsa kuti mpweya wa oxygen ukhale wosavuta, wosavuta, wotetezeka komanso wodalirika.
- Mpweya wa okosijeni wapakati ukhoza kusintha kwambiri kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka okosijeni, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito yosamalira mpweya, motero kumapangitsa kuti phindu lachuma likhale labwino
Dongosolo lapakati loperekera okosijeni m'chipatala lili ndi gwero la okosijeni, mapaipi a oxygen, ma valve ndi zida zokhala ndi terminal. Pakadali pano, busbar, oxygen yamadzimadzi ndi pressure swing adsorption(PSA) oxygen concentrator imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la okosijeni kunyumba ndi kunja.
Busbar
Makina operekera okosijeni wa Busbar amapangidwa makamaka ndi ma silinda a okosijeni othamanga kwambiri (imodzi yoperekera mpweya ndi imodzi yosungira). Zili ndi busbar, zida zowongolera / zowongolera pamanja, ma alarm ndi ma alarm, kuchepetsa kupanikizika ndi kukhazikika kwa zida, chitoliro ndi zida. Mpweya wa okosijeni ukatsala pang'ono kutha, bwaloli limatha kusinthiratu kupita kumalo osungira okosijeni.
Chipangizo chowongolera chimakhala ndi makina osindikizira, makina owonetsetsa, ndi makina a alamu ndi magetsi owonetsera kuti awonetse zochitika zogwirira ntchito ndikukumbutsa wogwiritsa ntchito kuti alowe m'malo mwa silinda ya oxygen yomwe yatha. Ngati chipangizo chowongolera chodziwikiratu chikulephera, chipangizo chochepetsera zosunga zobwezeretsera ndi chipangizo chokhazikika chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zitsimikizire kukhazikika kwamphamvu ya oxygen.
Oxygen wamadzimadzi
Makina opangira mpweya omwe amagwiritsa ntchito okosijeni wamadzimadzi monga gwero la okosijeni amapangidwa makamaka ndi thanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi, vaporizer, chipangizo chochepetsera kupanikizika ndi chida chochenjeza. Mpweya wa okosijeni wamadzimadzi umawonjezedwa kuchokera ku tanki yamadzi okosijeni yamadzimadzi kupita ku tanki yamadzi okosijeni yapakati pamagetsi apakati pogwiritsa ntchito kusiyanasiyana kwapakati ndi kunja kwa thanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi. Tanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi ndi cholumikizira champhamvu kwambiri chotetezera kutentha kwamadzimadzi komwe kumafunikira.
Kutentha kwa okosijeni wamadzimadzi kumakwera kwambiri akamadutsa mu vaporizer, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ir iwonongeke. Mpweya wothamanga kwambiri wa okosijeni umachepetsedwa ndi kupanikizika ndi chipangizo chochepetsera mphamvu ndipo kenako amatumizidwa pambuyo poti kukhazikikako kukhazikika. Pali matanki awiri a okosijeni amadzimadzi m'dongosolo, imodzi yoperekera mpweya ndi ina yosungira; thanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi ndi busbar zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito molumikizana, ndi thanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi yoperekera gasi ndi busbar ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosunga zobwezeretsera.
Medical PSA oxygen concentrator oxygen supply
Dongosolo la oxygen la PSA oxygen concentrator limapangidwa makamaka ndi air compressor ndi dryer, fyuluta, concentrator oxygen, thanki yosungirako mpweya, mapaipi ndi zina. Ngati kudzazidwa kwa okosijeni kumafunikira ma silinda a okosijeni, ndipo kompresa ya okosijeni ndi malo odzaza mpweya amatha kukhazikitsidwa. PSA mpweya jenereta amagwiritsa kuthamanga swing adsorption kupanga mpweya ukadaulo kuti apeze mpweya ndi chiyero ≥ 90% amene amakwaniritsa zofunika zachipatala mpweya.
Ukadaulo waukadaulo wopangira mpweya wa Pressure swing umagwiritsa ntchito ma adsorption osankhidwa a okosijeni ndi nayitrogeni ndi zeolite ma molekyulu a zeolite, ndi mawonekedwe omwe mphamvu ya ma adsorption imachulukira ndikuwonjezeka kwa kuthamanga kwa ma adsorption ndikutsika ndikutsika kwamphamvu ya adsorption. Imawonjezera nayitrogeni pansi pamikhalidwe yopanikizika kuti iwonjezere mpweya; imatulutsa nayitrogeni wa adsorbed pansi pa kupanikizika kwapang'onopang'ono, ndipo imapanganso sieve ya maselo nthawi yomweyo. Kuzungulira kumeneku kumakwaniritsa kulekanitsa kwa okosijeni ndi nayitrogeni ndi kupanga mpweya.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ma jenereta a okosijeni a PSA amatha kukhazikitsidwa ngati gawo limodzi kapena magawo awiri. Pakapangidwe kagawo kamodzi, zida zopangira mpweya wa oxygen zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo busbar ya oxygen cylider imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zosunga zobwezeretsera. Pakufunika kwa okosijeni pachimake, silinda ya okosijeni imawonjezedwa kudzera mu busbar, yomwe imakhala yotsika mtengo komanso yotetezeka komanso yodalirika. Pamakonzedwe amtundu wapawiri, zida ziwiri za jenereta za okosijeni zimakonzedwa, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kuyimitsa ndi kukonza, ndipo pali busbar yosungiramo oxygen monga chitsimikizo, chomwe chiri chotetezeka komanso chothandiza.
Kuyerekeza kuphweka
Kupezeka kwa okosijeni wa Busbar kumafuna kugulidwa kwanthawi zonse kwa masilindala okosijeni azachipatala, omwe ndi ovuta kunyamula, kunyamula ndi kuyang'anira, ndipo masilindala amafunika kukonzedwa pafupipafupi.
Mpweya wamadzimadzi ndiwopambana kwambiri kuposa mabasi, ndi ubwino wa kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe, kuyenda bwino kwa mayendedwe, nthawi yochepa yothandizira, komanso mtengo wotsika wa okosijeni. Tanki yosungiramo okosijeni yamadzi 3.65m3, yodzaza ndi okosijeni wamadzimadzi komanso mpweya wokwanira, imatha kupanga mpweya wa 3000m3, womwe umafunikira masilindala achitsulo a 500, ndipo kulemera kwa ma silinda achitsulo okha ndi pafupifupi 30t.
Matanki osungira mpweya wamadzimadzi amangofunika kudzazidwa 1-2 pamwezi, koma zofunikira zogwirira ntchito panthawi yodzaza ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo ogwiritsira ntchito ayenera kutsimikiziridwa kuti akugwira ntchito, kuyang'ana kuthamanga kwa kutuluka tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikuwunika nthawi zonse ndi kusunga zida. Njira yogwiritsira ntchito oxygen ndiyovuta.
Jenereta ya okosijeni ya PSA yachipatala imazindikira kupanga mpweya pamalopo ndikukhazikitsa malo ake opangira mpweya. Mlingo wake sufuna mayendedwe a okosijeni ndipo sungoletsedwa ndi gwero lachiwiri la okosijeni. Zida zimatha kuyendetsedwa zokha popanda kusintha pafupipafupi komanso kusanja. Ndizotetezeka, zosavuta komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Palibe zida zina zothandizira zomwe zimafunikira, ndipo okosijeni wamankhwala oyenerera amatha kulowa mwachindunji pamapaipi, zomwe zimapangitsa oyang'anira chipatala kukhala asayansi komanso medern.
Kuyerekeza chitetezo
Kuthamanga kwa okosijeni mu silinda ya okosijeni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka okosijeni mu busbar ndiyokwera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri imakhala 15MPa(150 atmospheres), komwe kungayambitse kuphulika ngati kugwedezeka kwamphamvu ndi kugundana. Ubwino ndi chiyero cha okosijeni mu silinda ya okosijeni sizimayendetsedwa ndi wogwiritsa ntchito.
Oxygen wamadzimadzi ndiye chofunikira kwambiri pachitetezo. Mpweya wambiri wa okosijeni wamadzimadzi umasungidwa mu thanki yosungiramo okosijeni yamadzimadzi. Kutentha kwa okosijeni wamadzimadzi ndi otsika kwambiri (-183 ° C), ndipo mpweya ndiwothandizira kwambiri kuyaka. Kamodzi kutayikira, zotsatira zake zimakhala zoopsa. Choncho, mpweya wa okosijeni wamadzimadzi umafunika kuunika nthawi zonse. Ngati thanki yoletsa kuphulika pa thanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi ikaphulika kapena valavu yotulutsa mpweya ikalumpha mpaka kutulutsa mpweya, ndiye kuti vacuyumu ya thanki ya okosijeni yamadzimadzi yawonongeka ndipo iyenera kukonzedwa ndikusinthidwanso.
Ndizowopsa kuyika matanki a okosijeni amadzimadzi m'zipatala zomwe muli anthu ambiri. Mpweya wamadzimadzi umakonda kutayikira panthawi ya mayendedwe ndi kulongedza, ndipo ngakhale mafuta pang'ono amatha kuyambitsa moto, zomwe zingawononge chitetezo.
Majenereta a okosijeni a Medical PSA amagwira ntchito pa kutentha kwabwino komanso kuthamanga kwapansi (20°C-40°C,6-8 atmospheres). Palibe zinthu zosatetezeka kwenikweni ndipo ndi njira yotetezeka kwambiri mwa njira zitatu zoperekera mpweya. Ma concentrators okosijeni nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi gwero la okosijeni yosungirako kuti awonetsetse kuti mpweya wa okosijeni uzimitsidwa, kuzimitsa, kapena kumwa kwa okosijeni kumachulukirachulukira kwakanthawi ndikupitilira kuchuluka kwa okosijeni komwe kumatulutsa mpweya wa okosijeni.
Kuyerekeza kwachuma
Busbar system imagwiritsa ntchito masilinda a oxygen, omwe amapezeka m'zipatala. Zomwe zikuyenera kuchitika ndikukonza masilindala ndikuwasonkhanitsa, motero kupulumutsa ndalama zoyambira zoyambira.
Kusankha njira yoperekera mpweya
Popeza kuti mpweya wa okosijeni wa busbar umafuna ndalama zochepa zoyamba, kwa zipatala zina zazing'ono ndi zazing'ono, zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zolandirira odwala komanso kusowa kwa ndalama, kugwiritsa ntchito busbar oxygenation ndiyo njira yothandiza kwambiri komanso yachuma. Kuchokera pakuwona kwa ntchito yayitali yachuma, chipatala cha PSA oxygen jenereta ndiyo njira yachuma kwambiri yoperekera mpweya. Dongosololi lili ndi chitetezo chambiri ndipo limatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopanda anthu komanso kuyang'aniridwa mwamakono. Ndilo chisankho chabwino kwa zipatala zamakono.
Choncho, pakali pano, zipatala zazikulu ziyenera kugwiritsa ntchito chipatala PSA mpweya concentrators kupereka mpweya. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, popeza PSA mpweya concentrators safuna gwero lachiwiri la okosijeni ndipo akhoza kupereka mpweya nthawi zonse ndi magetsi okha, iwo ndi oyenera madera ena akutali ndi madera ndi zoyendera zovuta.
Mapaipi a system ndi ma terminals
Oxygen imatengedwa kuchokera kumalo okwerera okosijeni kupita kumalo aliwonse (wodi, chipinda chopangira opaleshoni, malo opulumutsira, chipatala cha odwala kunja, ndi zina). Pambuyo pa kukhazikika kwachiwiri, kuthamanga kwa okosijeni ndi 0.1-0.4MPs (zosinthika). Kutentha kozungulira kuzungulira payipi ya okosijeni sikuyenera kupitirira 70 ° C.
Moto wotsegula ndi madontho amafuta ndi oletsedwa kwambiri pafupi ndi mapaipi kapena ma valve. Mapaipi operekera okosijeni amatha kupangidwa ndi mapaipi amkuwa kapena zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Zakale ndizokwera mtengo kwambiri ndipo ndizomwe zimakondedwa ndi ma standrads a dziko
Phubu la okosijeni likalowa m'chipindacho, limalumikizidwa ndi mbale yomaliza (yomwe imatchedwanso lamba wamankhwala). Plate yotsekera ndi njira yopangira mawaya osiyanasiyana komanso kuphatikiza zigawo zingapo zamapaipi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-09-2025