Chinsinsi cha Mpweya ndi Ukalamba

Kupuma mpweya = kubwezera ukalamba?

Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kuti munthu apume. Mpweya wa okosijeni umalowa m'thupi la munthu kudzera m'mapapo ndipo umanyamulidwa ndi maselo ofiira a magazi kupita ku minofu ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za thupi la munthu, zomwe zimapereka chakudya cha kagayidwe ka maselo. Komabe, pamene thupi la munthu likukalamba, mphamvu yake yopezera mpweya wa okosijeni imapitirira kuchepa. Malinga ndi kafukufuku wochitidwa ndi Pulofesa Hermrnasen mu 1973:

1. Munthu wamkulu wolemera makilogalamu 70 amapuma pafupifupi nthawi 20,000 patsiku ndipo amapuma pafupifupi makilogalamu 0.75 a mpweya patsiku.

2. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya m'thupi la akazi kumawonjezeka pakati pa zaka 15 ndi 25 ndipo kumachepa ndi 2.5% pachaka.

3. Mphamvu ya okosijeni ya amuna imafika pachimake pakati pa zaka 20 ndi 30 ndipo imachepa ndi 2% pachaka.

Ukalamba ndi njira yachilengedwe ya thupi la munthu ndipo ndi chinthu chosasinthika. Komabe, ukalamba umakhudzidwa ndi zinthu zambiri, kuphatikizapo zinthu zachilengedwe, majini, maganizo, matenda, moyo, ndi zina zotero. Ndi zotsatira za kuyanjana kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana.

Kodi "chiphunzitso cha ukalamba cha hypoxia" ndi chiyani?

Akatswiri ena amakhulupirira kuti kukalamba kwa munthu kumayamba munthu akangobadwa. M'lingaliro limeneli, moyo wa munthu ndi njira yokalamba. Komanso, hypoxia yosatha ndi ukalamba zimadalirana. Hypoxia yosatha imafulumizitsa ukalamba wathu, ndipo ukalamba wokha umabweretsa hypoxia yosatha m'thupi.

Pambuyo pokalamba, ntchito zoyambira za thupi la munthu zimachepa, kuphatikizapo kuwonongeka kwa dongosolo la mtima, kupuma, ndi dongosolo la mitsempha. Zotsatira zomwe zili pamwambapa za ukalamba zimapangitsa okalamba kukhala ndi mpweya wochepa, kuchepa kwa mphamvu yonyamula mpweya, komanso kuchepa kwa kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti minofu yonse ya thupi ikhale mu mkhalidwe wa hypoxia yosatha mpaka madigiri osiyanasiyana.

Ngati thupi lili mu mkhalidwe wa hypoxia yosatha, mpweya womwe umapita ku ziwalo umachepanso, ndipo ntchito za ziwalozo zimakhudzidwa kapena sizingathe kugwira ntchito, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana osatha, kuchepa kwa ntchito za thupi, komanso kukalamba mofulumira. Chifukwa chake, ukalamba wa anthu ndi hypoxia yosatha ndi mbali ziwiri za ndalama imodzi ndipo zimakhudzana.

Mu 1969, akatswiri akunja anayeza kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'mitsempha ya okalamba kumachepa ndi 3 mmHg pachaka chilichonse, ndiko kuti, kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'mitsempha kumachepa pang'onopang'ono ndi ukalamba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu asapitirire kuvutika ndi mpweya - komwe kumadziwikanso kuti "chiphunzitso cha ukalamba wa hypoxia."

Mpweya wa okosijeni ndi umene umapangitsa kuti anthu azifunikira kwambiri, mpaka 61%, kutsatiridwa ndi kaboni, womwe ndi 20%, ndipo hydrogen ndi 12%. Zina monga nayitrogeni, calcium, chlorine, phosphorous, sulfure, fluorine, sodium, magnesium ndi iron zonse zimakhala zochepa kwambiri.

Kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi kosatha komanso matenda ofala okalamba

• Matenda ambiri okalamba ndi matenda osatha, omwe angakhudze mpweya m'thupi kapena amayamba chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mpweya m'thupi. Mwachidule, nthawi zambiri amakhala okhudzana ndi mpweya.
• Ubongo ndi chiwalo chomwe chimafunikira mpweya wambiri m'thupi la munthu ndipo chimakhala chovuta kwambiri kupirira hypoxia.
• Pamene hypoxia imayamba, thupi la munthu limayankha ndi chitetezo chobwezera.
• Ngati mayankho obwezera sakukwaniritsa zosowa za thupi, kuwonongeka kwa maselo a muubongo kudzakhala kovuta kuchira. Kusintha kosiyanasiyana kwa matenda kudzachitika m'ziwalo zofunika kwambiri monga mtima, mapapo, chiwindi, ndi impso.

Kodi mungabwezeretse bwanji mpweya "wotayika"?

Kukalamba ndi njira yachilengedwe ya thupi la munthu. Kupuma mpweya sikungabweretse "kukula" kwa ukalamba, komanso sikungapeweretu zotsatirapo zoyipa za matenda osiyanasiyana okalamba. Komabe, kungachepetse kuopsa kwa matenda ambiri okalamba, kuletsa matendawa kuti asakule, kulimbikitsa kuchira, ndikuchepetsa ukalamba.

Mwa kupereka mpweya wokwanira nthawi zonse komanso panthawi yake, okalamba amatha kulipira mwachindunji kutayika kwa mpweya wofunikira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa ntchito ya thupi, kuti ziwalo zosiyanasiyana m'thupi zigwire ntchito bwino.